Fats play important roles in maintaining brain health. Saturated fats are generally considered “unhealthy” or “harmful,” whereas unsaturated fats, which sometimes contain omega fatty acids, are considered “healthy.” A blood fat analysis showed a significant decrease in unsaturated fats, such as those containing omega fatty acids, in women with Alzheimer’s compared to healthy women. Scientists found little difference in the composition of fat molecules in men with Alzheimer’s compared to healthy men, suggesting that these fats play different roles in the disease based on gender. This study may suggest why more women are diagnosed with the disease.
Scientists took plasma samples from 841 participants with Alzheimer’s, mild cognitive impairment, and healthy cognitive conditions. They measured levels of brain inflammation and damage, using mass spectrometry to analyze 700 types of fats in the blood. A sharp increase in saturated fats, “unhealthy fats,” was noted in women with Alzheimer’s compared to the healthy group, while fats linked to omega fatty acids were most reduced in the Alzheimer’s group.
Scientists now say there is statistical evidence of a causal relationship between Alzheimer’s and fatty acids, but a clinical trial is necessary to confirm this link. Understanding how the disease works differently in women could help doctors design tailored treatments and health advice in the future.
